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Belief in all the prophets and messengers from Adam to the
Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is one of the articles of faith, and for this
reason, the 'Iman-i-Mufassal' says:
"I believe in God, in His angels, in His books, in His messengers, in the Last Day, and in the fact that everything, good or bad is decided by God the Almighty, and in life after death."
According to the Islamic faith, all the Holy Prophets and
messengers were humans, created and sent by God who led a normal human life and
was mortal. They were, however, distinct from the superior to ordinary humans
in the way that they were chosen by God, and had a specially ordained divine
mission.
"These (Holy Prophets or messengers) were then men to whom We gave The Book, and Authority and Holy Prophethood... " (6:89).
The verse indicates that the Holy Prophets and messengers were special people who received divine messages, and were gifted with authority and Holy Prophethood. All these Holy Prophets conveyed the same universal message to the nations to whom they were sent, and this was the message of Tauhid or Oneness of God and submission before Him.
Other Holy
Prophets mentioned in the Quran include Adam, Noah, Zakariya, Joseph (who could
interpret dreams), David (in whose hands iron got softened), Jacob, Jonah
(Yunus), Hud, Lot (Lut), Shoaib, Saleh and Aaron (Harun).
According to Islamic terminology, there is some difference
between a Holy Prophet and a messenger. A Holy Prophet (Nabi) is one who
received divine revelation, and a messenger or apostle (Rasul) is one who was
awarded a divine book, and who had an Ummah or Community. Finally, the
teachings and messages of all the Holy Prophets and messengers were perfected
in the person of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ).
